Phytoncides are substances that protect plants from infections. They also protect the human body when we breathe air saturated with phytoncides. For example, in a pine or spruce forest. Phytoncides are extremely interesting and useful structures found in plants that play an important role in plant life. These microscopic organs are known for their unique ability to photosynthesize and protect plants from external influences.
FUNCTIONS OF PHYTONCIDES
One of the key functions of phytoncides is photosynthesis, the process by which plants are able to extract energy from sunlight and convert it into organic substances such as glucose.
This process is fundamental to plant life and the maintenance of our planet’s ecosystems.
Phytoncites also act as a “probe” for plants, protecting them from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. They absorb this UV light, preventing it from penetrating deeper layers of plant tissue.
Phytoncides contain specialized pigments that play a role in protecting plants from pests. When pests attack, these pigments can be released, triggering the plant’s response to danger.
Thus, phytoncides together with negatively charged ions form an incredible health cocktail in the Carpathians. Breathing in the air of these places, we get a natural protective barrier system that helps to improve our health and maintain harmony with nature.


INTERESTING FACTS
Maximum activity in the summer months: Phytoncides are most active in July and early August. This is due to the maturity of the leaves, especially in deciduous and coniferous plants, which contributes to the maximum antimicrobial effect.
Phytoncides are more actively released in the afternoon, when relative humidity and air temperature increase.
The air in forests and steppes is almost sterile, meaning it contains very few microbes. This is of interest to hygienists and urban gardeners.
More phytoncides in coniferous forests: Coniferous forests emit more volatile oils than deciduous forests. In particular, a pine forest can emit up to 4 kg of phytoncides per hectare per day, and a juniper forest even up to 30 kg.
The word “phytoncide” comes from the Greek words “phyto” (plant) and “cyte” (cell), and means “plant cell”.
Phytoncides are usually found in chloroplasts, organelles that contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.
Some plants have phytoncides that reflect light from their surface, creating different visual effects and influencing pollinators.
The Carpathian coniferous forests emit the most phytoncides in the hot days of early summer, which helps protect settlements from many dangers and diseases.
The phytoncides of oak leaves can kill dysentery and typhoid bacteria, fir needles can kill diphtheria and whooping cough pathogens, and pine needles can kill tuberculosis. Cedar pine has a positive effect on cardiac activity and the nervous system.
Crushed bird cherry leaves in a glass jar can be an effective way to kill flies and mosquitoes in just a few seconds.
LIGHT NEGATIVE AIR IONS
In addition to phytoncides, the air of the Carpathian coniferous forest is saturated with light negative air ions, which are formed by natural processes, especially waterfalls and streams.
It has already been established that negative air ions are important for human health, similar to the vitamins we get from food. They can be an important component of the environment that supports our physical and emotional well-being.
Coniferous forests, such as those growing in the Carpathians, are extremely valuable sources of negative air ions. This is a natural phenomenon associated with the emission of essential oils from conifers that naturally affect the air.
Studies show that exposure to negative air ions can improve a person’s physical and mental health. They can help increase lung capacity, reduce tension and fatigue, and help calm the nervous system.
One of the most interesting properties of negative air ions is their effect on the development and reproduction of microorganisms. This can be an important factor in protecting the body from infections and diseases.
The important point you emphasize is the balance between negative and positive ions. This balance can be disrupted by various factors, and restoring it is key to maintaining optimal health.